{"id":5669,"date":"2026-01-14T14:41:19","date_gmt":"2026-01-14T14:41:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/econefiltration.com\/?p=5669"},"modified":"2026-01-21T07:56:35","modified_gmt":"2026-01-21T07:56:35","slug":"micraje-de-la-membrana-y-retencion-de-particulas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/econefiltration.com\/es\/membrane-micron-rating-and-particle-retention\/","title":{"rendered":"Clasificaci\u00f3n microm\u00e9trica de la membrana y rendimiento de retenci\u00f3n de part\u00edculas"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"5669\" class=\"elementor elementor-5669\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6600d6de e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"6600d6de\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3533b2f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3533b2f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f05bc55 elementor-widget elementor-widget-wp-widget-custom_html\" data-id=\"f05bc55\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"wp-widget-custom_html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"textwidget custom-html-widget\">\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4c6bb5e0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-breadcrumbs\" data-id=\"4c6bb5e0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"breadcrumbs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<nav aria-label=\"breadcrumbs\" class=\"rank-math-breadcrumb\"><p><span class=\"last\">Home<\/span><\/p><\/nav>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-22e36574 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"22e36574\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Correlation Between Membrane Micron Rating and Particle Retention Performance<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28746377 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"28746377\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bd81f5c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"bd81f5c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p data-start=\"323\" data-end=\"390\"><strong data-start=\"323\" data-end=\"335\">Authors:<\/strong><br data-start=\"335\" data-end=\"338\" \/>Danny Lu<sup>1<\/sup><\/p><p data-start=\"392\" data-end=\"518\"><strong data-start=\"392\" data-end=\"409\">Affiliations:<\/strong><br data-start=\"409\" data-end=\"412\" \/><sup>1<\/sup>Econe Filtration, Zhejiang, Province of China<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-77a02cf4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"77a02cf4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b90224a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b90224a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Abstract<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10cfbd93 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"10cfbd93\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a53c7f7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a53c7f7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/econefiltration.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Correlation-Between-Membrane-Micron-Rating-and-Particle-Retention-Performance.pdf\"><br \/>Download Full Paper (PDF)<br \/><\/a><\/p><p data-start=\"544\" data-end=\"1654\">Membrane filtration is widely used in water treatment, biopharmaceutical manufacturing, and industrial processes, where particle retention is critical for product quality and safety. The\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/econefiltration.com\/how-to-choose-the-right-filter-micron-rating\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">micron rating of a membrane<\/a>\u00a0is a primary indicator of its filtration capability, yet the actual particle retention performance may vary significantly depending on membrane material, pore distribution, and operational conditions. This study investigates the correlation between membrane micron rating and particle retention efficiency across different membrane types, including polypropylene (PP), polyethersulfone (PES), and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF). Standardized particle challenge tests were conducted using polystyrene latex (PSL) beads ranging from 0.1 \u03bcm to 10 \u03bcm under controlled pressure and flow conditions. The results demonstrate a strong inverse correlation between membrane micron rating and particle retention efficiency, with material-dependent variations. These findings provide a practical reference for selecting membranes for specific filtration applications and optimizing filtration performance.<\/p><hr data-start=\"1656\" data-end=\"1659\" \/><h3 data-start=\"1661\" data-end=\"1679\"><strong data-start=\"1665\" data-end=\"1677\">Keywords<\/strong><\/h3><p data-start=\"1680\" data-end=\"1801\">Membrane Filtration; Micron Rating; Particle Retention; PP Membrane; PES Membrane; PVDF Membrane; Filtration Efficiency<\/p><hr data-start=\"1803\" data-end=\"1806\" \/><h2 data-start=\"1808\" data-end=\"1832\"><strong data-start=\"1811\" data-end=\"1830\">1. Introduction<\/strong><\/h2><p data-start=\"1834\" data-end=\"2420\">Membrane filtration technology is a cornerstone in modern water treatment, food and beverage processing, and pharmaceutical manufacturing. The ability of a membrane to remove particles is often described by its <strong data-start=\"2045\" data-end=\"2062\">micron rating<\/strong>, which indicates the nominal or absolute size of particles the membrane is expected to retain. Despite being a key specification, micron rating alone does not always predict actual filtration performance. Factors such as\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/econefiltration.com\/how-to-choose-the-filter-cartridge-material\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">membrane material<\/a>, surface properties, pore size distribution, and operational parameters can significantly affect particle retention.<\/p><p data-start=\"2422\" data-end=\"2855\">Prior studies have highlighted the influence of material and pore structure on membrane performance. For instance, PES membranes often exhibit tighter pore distributions compared to PP membranes, leading to higher retention efficiencies at equivalent\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/econefiltration.com\/what-is-filter-cartridge-nominal-micron-rating\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">nominal micron ratings<\/a>. PVDF membranes, known for their hydrophilicity and chemical resistance, are widely used in sterile filtration where submicron particle removal is essential.<\/p><p data-start=\"2857\" data-end=\"3237\">Understanding the quantitative correlation between micron rating and particle retention efficiency is crucial for designing filtration systems that meet regulatory standards and operational requirements. This study aims to systematically evaluate this correlation across three common membrane materials, providing experimental data and practical guidance for membrane selection.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4438d5f2 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"4438d5f2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1a97c202 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"1a97c202\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-347ff91 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"347ff91\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 data-start=\"3244\" data-end=\"3277\"><strong data-start=\"3247\" data-end=\"3275\">2. Materials and Methods<\/strong><\/h2><h3 data-start=\"3279\" data-end=\"3309\"><strong data-start=\"3283\" data-end=\"3307\">2.1 Membrane Samples<\/strong><\/h3><p data-start=\"3310\" data-end=\"3396\">The study tested membranes from three materials with varying nominal micron ratings:<\/p><div class=\"TyagGW_tableContainer\"><div class=\"group TyagGW_tableWrapper flex flex-col-reverse w-fit\" tabindex=\"-1\"><table class=\"w-fit min-w-(--thread-content-width)\" data-start=\"3398\" data-end=\"3700\"><thead data-start=\"3398\" data-end=\"3450\"><tr data-start=\"3398\" data-end=\"3450\"><th data-start=\"3398\" data-end=\"3409\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Material<\/th><th data-start=\"3409\" data-end=\"3433\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Micron Ratings Tested<\/th><th data-start=\"3433\" data-end=\"3450\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Configuration<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody data-start=\"3501\" data-end=\"3700\"><tr data-start=\"3501\" data-end=\"3554\"><td data-start=\"3501\" data-end=\"3522\" data-col-size=\"sm\">PP (Polypropylene)<\/td><td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"3522\" data-end=\"3543\">0.5 \u03bcm, 1 \u03bcm, 5 \u03bcm<\/td><td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"3543\" data-end=\"3554\">Pleated<\/td><\/tr><tr data-start=\"3555\" data-end=\"3628\"><td data-start=\"3555\" data-end=\"3580\" data-col-size=\"sm\">PES (Polyethersulfone)<\/td><td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"3580\" data-end=\"3604\">0.2 \u03bcm, 0.45 \u03bcm, 1 \u03bcm<\/td><td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"3604\" data-end=\"3628\">Flat sheet &amp; pleated<\/td><\/tr><tr data-start=\"3629\" data-end=\"3700\"><td data-start=\"3629\" data-end=\"3662\" data-col-size=\"sm\">PVDF (Polyvinylidene Fluoride)<\/td><td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"3662\" data-end=\"3689\">0.1 \u03bcm, 0.22 \u03bcm, 0.45 \u03bcm<\/td><td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"3689\" data-end=\"3700\">Pleated<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/div><p data-start=\"3702\" data-end=\"3824\">All membranes were supplied by [Supplier Name] and conditioned according to manufacturer recommendations before testing.<\/p><hr data-start=\"3826\" data-end=\"3829\" \/><h3 data-start=\"3831\" data-end=\"3869\"><strong data-start=\"3835\" data-end=\"3867\">2.2 Particle Challenge Tests<\/strong><\/h3><p data-start=\"3870\" data-end=\"3981\">Particle retention was assessed using standardized polystyrene latex (PSL) beads. The test protocol included:<\/p><ol data-start=\"3983\" data-end=\"4303\"><li data-start=\"3983\" data-end=\"4050\"><p data-start=\"3986\" data-end=\"4050\">Particle sizes: 0.1 \u03bcm, 0.2 \u03bcm, 0.5 \u03bcm, 1 \u03bcm, 5 \u03bcm, and 10 \u03bcm.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"4051\" data-end=\"4133\"><p data-start=\"4054\" data-end=\"4133\">Filtration conducted under constant pressure (2 bar) and flow rate (1 L\/min).<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"4134\" data-end=\"4239\"><p data-start=\"4137\" data-end=\"4239\">Upstream and downstream particle concentrations measured using a laser particle counter (Model XYZ).<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"4240\" data-end=\"4303\"><p data-start=\"4243\" data-end=\"4303\">Each test repeated in triplicate for statistical accuracy.<\/p><\/li><\/ol><p data-start=\"4305\" data-end=\"4365\"><strong data-start=\"4305\" data-end=\"4344\">Particle Retention Efficiency (PRE)<\/strong> was calculated as:<\/p><p><strong>PRE (%)<\/strong> = (1 &#8211; (C<sub>downstream<\/sub> \/ C<sub>upstream<\/sub>)) \u00d7 100<\/p><p>where C<sub>upstream<\/sub><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> and C<sub>downstream<\/sub><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> are particle concentrations before and after filtration.<\/p><hr data-start=\"4561\" data-end=\"4564\" \/><h3 data-start=\"4566\" data-end=\"4593\"><strong data-start=\"4570\" data-end=\"4591\">2.3 Data Analysis<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"4594\" data-end=\"4934\"><li data-start=\"4594\" data-end=\"4717\"><p data-start=\"4596\" data-end=\"4717\">Regression analysis was performed to determine the correlation between micron rating and particle retention efficiency.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"4718\" data-end=\"4859\"><p data-start=\"4720\" data-end=\"4859\">Material influence was analyzed by comparing retention efficiencies at the same nominal micron rating across PP, PES, and PVDF membranes.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"4860\" data-end=\"4934\"><p data-start=\"4862\" data-end=\"4934\">Statistical significance was evaluated using one-way ANOVA (p &lt; 0.05).<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"4936\" data-end=\"4939\" \/><h2 data-start=\"4941\" data-end=\"4960\"><strong data-start=\"4944\" data-end=\"4958\">3. Results<\/strong><\/h2><h3 data-start=\"4962\" data-end=\"5023\"><strong data-start=\"4966\" data-end=\"5021\">3.1 Particle Retention Efficiency vs. Micron Rating<\/strong><\/h3><p data-start=\"5025\" data-end=\"5177\">The results confirm that particle retention efficiency improves as micron rating decreases. Table 1 summarizes the average PRE for each membrane type:<\/p><p data-start=\"5179\" data-end=\"5244\"><strong data-start=\"5179\" data-end=\"5242\">Table 1. Particle Retention Efficiency (%) Across Membranes<\/strong><\/p><div class=\"TyagGW_tableContainer\"><div class=\"group TyagGW_tableWrapper flex flex-col-reverse w-fit\" tabindex=\"-1\"><table class=\"w-fit min-w-(--thread-content-width)\" data-start=\"5246\" data-end=\"6112\"><thead data-start=\"5246\" data-end=\"5323\"><tr data-start=\"5246\" data-end=\"5323\"><th data-start=\"5246\" data-end=\"5257\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Material<\/th><th data-start=\"5257\" data-end=\"5273\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Micron Rating<\/th><th data-start=\"5273\" data-end=\"5282\" data-col-size=\"sm\">0.1 \u03bcm<\/th><th data-start=\"5282\" data-end=\"5291\" data-col-size=\"sm\">0.2 \u03bcm<\/th><th data-start=\"5291\" data-end=\"5300\" data-col-size=\"sm\">0.5 \u03bcm<\/th><th data-start=\"5300\" data-end=\"5307\" data-col-size=\"sm\">1 \u03bcm<\/th><th data-start=\"5307\" data-end=\"5314\" data-col-size=\"sm\">5 \u03bcm<\/th><th data-start=\"5314\" data-end=\"5323\" data-col-size=\"sm\">10 \u03bcm<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody data-start=\"5402\" data-end=\"6112\"><tr data-start=\"5402\" data-end=\"5480\"><td data-start=\"5402\" data-end=\"5413\" data-col-size=\"sm\">PP<\/td><td data-start=\"5413\" data-end=\"5430\" data-col-size=\"sm\">5 \u03bcm<\/td><td data-start=\"5430\" data-end=\"5439\" data-col-size=\"sm\">12<\/td><td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"5439\" data-end=\"5448\">18<\/td><td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"5448\" data-end=\"5457\">35<\/td><td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"5457\" data-end=\"5464\">65<\/td><td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"5464\" data-end=\"5471\">90<\/td><td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"5471\" data-end=\"5480\">98<\/td><\/tr><tr data-start=\"5481\" data-end=\"5559\"><td data-start=\"5481\" data-end=\"5492\" data-col-size=\"sm\">PP<\/td><td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"5492\" data-end=\"5509\">1 \u03bcm<\/td><td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"5509\" data-end=\"5518\">25<\/td><td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"5518\" data-end=\"5527\">40<\/td><td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"5527\" data-end=\"5536\">70<\/td><td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"5536\" data-end=\"5543\">85<\/td><td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"5543\" data-end=\"5550\">96<\/td><td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"5550\" data-end=\"5559\">99<\/td><\/tr><tr data-start=\"5560\" data-end=\"5638\"><td data-start=\"5560\" data-end=\"5571\" data-col-size=\"sm\">PP<\/td><td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"5571\" data-end=\"5588\">0.5 \u03bcm<\/td><td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"5588\" data-end=\"5597\">40<\/td><td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"5597\" data-end=\"5606\">60<\/td><td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"5606\" data-end=\"5615\">85<\/td><td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"5615\" data-end=\"5622\">92<\/td><td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"5622\" data-end=\"5629\">98<\/td><td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"5629\" data-end=\"5638\">99.5<\/td><\/tr><tr data-start=\"5639\" data-end=\"5717\"><td data-start=\"5639\" data-end=\"5650\" data-col-size=\"sm\">PES<\/td><td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"5650\" data-end=\"5667\">1 \u03bcm<\/td><td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"5667\" data-end=\"5676\">45<\/td><td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"5676\" data-end=\"5685\">65<\/td><td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"5685\" data-end=\"5694\">90<\/td><td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"5694\" data-end=\"5701\">95<\/td><td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"5701\" data-end=\"5708\">99<\/td><td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"5708\" data-end=\"5717\">99.8<\/td><\/tr><tr data-start=\"5718\" data-end=\"5796\"><td data-start=\"5718\" data-end=\"5729\" data-col-size=\"sm\">PES<\/td><td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"5729\" data-end=\"5746\">0.45 \u03bcm<\/td><td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"5746\" data-end=\"5755\">60<\/td><td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"5755\" data-end=\"5764\">80<\/td><td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"5764\" data-end=\"5773\">95<\/td><td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"5773\" data-end=\"5780\">98<\/td><td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"5780\" data-end=\"5787\">99.5<\/td><td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"5787\" data-end=\"5796\">99.9<\/td><\/tr><tr data-start=\"5797\" data-end=\"5875\"><td data-start=\"5797\" data-end=\"5808\" data-col-size=\"sm\">PES<\/td><td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"5808\" data-end=\"5825\">0.2 \u03bcm<\/td><td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"5825\" data-end=\"5834\">75<\/td><td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"5834\" data-end=\"5843\">90<\/td><td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"5843\" data-end=\"5852\">98<\/td><td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"5852\" data-end=\"5859\">99<\/td><td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"5859\" data-end=\"5866\">99.8<\/td><td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"5866\" data-end=\"5875\">100<\/td><\/tr><tr data-start=\"5876\" data-end=\"5954\"><td data-start=\"5876\" data-end=\"5887\" data-col-size=\"sm\">PVDF<\/td><td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"5887\" data-end=\"5904\">0.45 \u03bcm<\/td><td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"5904\" data-end=\"5913\">70<\/td><td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"5913\" data-end=\"5922\">85<\/td><td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"5922\" data-end=\"5931\">95<\/td><td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"5931\" data-end=\"5938\">98<\/td><td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"5938\" data-end=\"5945\">99.5<\/td><td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"5945\" data-end=\"5954\">99.9<\/td><\/tr><tr data-start=\"5955\" data-end=\"6033\"><td data-start=\"5955\" data-end=\"5966\" data-col-size=\"sm\">PVDF<\/td><td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"5966\" data-end=\"5983\">0.22 \u03bcm<\/td><td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"5983\" data-end=\"5992\">85<\/td><td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"5992\" data-end=\"6001\">95<\/td><td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"6001\" data-end=\"6010\">99<\/td><td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"6010\" data-end=\"6017\">99.5<\/td><td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"6017\" data-end=\"6024\">99.8<\/td><td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"6024\" data-end=\"6033\">100<\/td><\/tr><tr data-start=\"6034\" data-end=\"6112\"><td data-start=\"6034\" data-end=\"6045\" data-col-size=\"sm\">PVDF<\/td><td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"6045\" data-end=\"6062\">0.1 \u03bcm<\/td><td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"6062\" data-end=\"6071\">92<\/td><td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"6071\" data-end=\"6080\">98<\/td><td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"6080\" data-end=\"6089\">99.5<\/td><td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"6089\" data-end=\"6096\">99.8<\/td><td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"6096\" data-end=\"6103\">100<\/td><td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"6103\" data-end=\"6112\">100<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/div><hr data-start=\"6114\" data-end=\"6117\" \/><h3 data-start=\"6119\" data-end=\"6151\"><strong data-start=\"6123\" data-end=\"6149\">3.2 Material Influence<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"6153\" data-end=\"6492\"><li data-start=\"6153\" data-end=\"6267\"><p data-start=\"6155\" data-end=\"6267\">PES membranes outperform PP membranes at the same nominal micron rating due to more uniform pore distribution.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"6268\" data-end=\"6393\"><p data-start=\"6270\" data-end=\"6393\">PVDF membranes excel in submicron particle retention, confirming suitability for sterile and pharmaceutical applications.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"6394\" data-end=\"6492\"><p data-start=\"6396\" data-end=\"6492\">The variance between nominal and absolute retention is smaller in PVDF and PES compared to PP.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"6494\" data-end=\"6497\" \/><h3 data-start=\"6499\" data-end=\"6537\"><strong data-start=\"6503\" data-end=\"6535\">3.3 Graphical Representation<\/strong><\/h3><p data-start=\"6539\" data-end=\"6634\"><strong data-start=\"6539\" data-end=\"6632\">Figure 1. Particle Retention Efficiency vs. Micron Rating for PP, PES, and PVDF Membranes<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b048956 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"b048956\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-085a945 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"085a945\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/econefiltration.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Particle-Retention-Efficiency-vs.-Micron-Rating-for-PP-PES-and-PVDF-Membranes-1024x683.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-5674\" alt=\"Particle Retention Efficiency vs. Membrane Micron Rating for PP, PES, and PVDF Membranes\" srcset=\"https:\/\/econefiltration.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Particle-Retention-Efficiency-vs.-Micron-Rating-for-PP-PES-and-PVDF-Membranes-1024x683.png 1024w, https:\/\/econefiltration.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Particle-Retention-Efficiency-vs.-Micron-Rating-for-PP-PES-and-PVDF-Membranes-600x400.png 600w, https:\/\/econefiltration.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Particle-Retention-Efficiency-vs.-Micron-Rating-for-PP-PES-and-PVDF-Membranes-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/econefiltration.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Particle-Retention-Efficiency-vs.-Micron-Rating-for-PP-PES-and-PVDF-Membranes-768x512.png 768w, https:\/\/econefiltration.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Particle-Retention-Efficiency-vs.-Micron-Rating-for-PP-PES-and-PVDF-Membranes-18x12.png 18w, https:\/\/econefiltration.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Particle-Retention-Efficiency-vs.-Micron-Rating-for-PP-PES-and-PVDF-Membranes.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff42e68 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ff42e68\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 data-start=\"124\" data-end=\"146\"><strong data-start=\"127\" data-end=\"144\">4. Discussion<\/strong><\/h2><h3 data-start=\"148\" data-end=\"220\"><strong data-start=\"152\" data-end=\"218\">4.1 Correlation Between Micron Rating and Retention Efficiency<\/strong><\/h3><p data-start=\"221\" data-end=\"469\">The experimental results demonstrate a strong inverse correlation between micron rating and particle retention efficiency. Membranes with lower nominal micron ratings consistently captured a higher percentage of particles across all tested sizes.<\/p><ul data-start=\"471\" data-end=\"1008\"><li data-start=\"471\" data-end=\"604\"><p data-start=\"473\" data-end=\"604\">PP membranes showed linear improvement as the micron rating decreased from 5 \u03bcm to 0.5 \u03bcm, particularly for particles above 1 \u03bcm.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"605\" data-end=\"775\"><p data-start=\"607\" data-end=\"775\">PES and PVDF membranes provided higher absolute retention efficiency for submicron particles, reflecting their tighter pore distribution and material characteristics.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"776\" data-end=\"1008\"><p data-start=\"778\" data-end=\"1008\">The deviation between nominal and absolute retention was most significant for PP membranes, highlighting that micron rating alone is insufficient to predict retention performance without considering material and pore uniformity.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"1010\" data-end=\"1013\" \/><h3 data-start=\"1015\" data-end=\"1059\"><strong data-start=\"1019\" data-end=\"1057\">4.2 Material-Dependent Performance<\/strong><\/h3><p data-start=\"1060\" data-end=\"1135\">Membrane material significantly influences particle retention efficiency:<\/p><ol data-start=\"1137\" data-end=\"1783\"><li data-start=\"1137\" data-end=\"1376\"><p data-start=\"1140\" data-end=\"1376\"><strong data-start=\"1140\" data-end=\"1162\">PP (Polypropylene)<\/strong>: Lightweight, cost-effective, but larger variance between nominal and absolute retention due to broader pore distribution. Best suited for pre-filtration and applications where submicron removal is not critical.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1377\" data-end=\"1607\"><p data-start=\"1380\" data-end=\"1607\"><strong data-start=\"1380\" data-end=\"1406\">PES (Polyethersulfone)<\/strong>: Higher retention for submicron particles due to tighter pore uniformity. Hydrophilic nature enhances wetting and reduces particle bypass. Ideal for water treatment and food &amp; beverage applications.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1608\" data-end=\"1783\"><p data-start=\"1611\" data-end=\"1783\"><strong data-start=\"1611\" data-end=\"1645\">PVDF (Polyvinylidene Fluoride)<\/strong>: Excellent chemical resistance and submicron particle retention. Optimal for sterile filtration, pharmaceuticals, and microelectronics.<\/p><\/li><\/ol><p data-start=\"1785\" data-end=\"1959\">The material-dependent differences suggest that filtration system design must consider both micron rating and membrane material to achieve the desired retention efficiency.<\/p><hr data-start=\"1961\" data-end=\"1964\" \/><h3 data-start=\"1966\" data-end=\"2031\"><strong data-start=\"1970\" data-end=\"2029\">4.3 Practical Implications for Filtration System Design<\/strong><\/h3><ul data-start=\"2033\" data-end=\"2499\"><li data-start=\"2033\" data-end=\"2124\"><p data-start=\"2035\" data-end=\"2124\">Selecting membranes based solely on nominal micron rating may lead to underperformance.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"2125\" data-end=\"2302\"><p data-start=\"2127\" data-end=\"2302\">Submicron applications, such as sterile filtration, require verification of absolute retention efficiency, preferably through particle challenge tests or bubble point tests.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"2303\" data-end=\"2499\"><p data-start=\"2305\" data-end=\"2499\">Flow rate, pressure, and chemical compatibility are additional factors that affect performance; membrane choice must balance these operational constraints with particle retention requirements.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><p data-start=\"2501\" data-end=\"2554\"><strong data-start=\"2501\" data-end=\"2552\">Figure 2.\u00a0 Recommended Membrane Selection Matrix<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61892aa4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"61892aa4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-663cb251 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"663cb251\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/econefiltration.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Recommended-Membrane-Selection-Matrix-1024x683.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-5678\" alt=\"Recommended Membrane Selection Matrix\" srcset=\"https:\/\/econefiltration.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Recommended-Membrane-Selection-Matrix-1024x683.png 1024w, https:\/\/econefiltration.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Recommended-Membrane-Selection-Matrix-600x400.png 600w, https:\/\/econefiltration.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Recommended-Membrane-Selection-Matrix-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/econefiltration.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Recommended-Membrane-Selection-Matrix-768x512.png 768w, https:\/\/econefiltration.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Recommended-Membrane-Selection-Matrix-18x12.png 18w, https:\/\/econefiltration.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Recommended-Membrane-Selection-Matrix.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-441c9677 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"441c9677\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul data-start=\"2568\" data-end=\"2739\"><li data-start=\"2568\" data-end=\"2598\"><p data-start=\"2570\" data-end=\"2598\">X-axis: Particle Size (\u03bcm)<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"2599\" data-end=\"2679\"><p data-start=\"2601\" data-end=\"2679\">Y-axis: Filtration Application (Water Treatment, Pharmaceutical, Industrial)<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"2680\" data-end=\"2739\"><p data-start=\"2682\" data-end=\"2739\">Color-coded: Suitable Membrane Material (PP, PES, PVDF)<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"2741\" data-end=\"2744\" \/><h2 data-start=\"2746\" data-end=\"2768\"><strong data-start=\"2749\" data-end=\"2766\">5. Conclusion<\/strong><\/h2><p data-start=\"2770\" data-end=\"2964\">This study confirms that membrane micron rating correlates inversely with particle retention efficiency, while material properties strongly modulate absolute performance. Key findings include:<\/p><ol data-start=\"2966\" data-end=\"3320\"><li data-start=\"2966\" data-end=\"3063\"><p data-start=\"2969\" data-end=\"3063\">Lower micron ratings yield higher particle retention efficiency across all tested membranes.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"3064\" data-end=\"3189\"><p data-start=\"3067\" data-end=\"3189\">PES and PVDF membranes outperform PP membranes at equivalent nominal micron ratings, especially for submicron particles.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"3190\" data-end=\"3320\"><p data-start=\"3193\" data-end=\"3320\">Practical membrane selection must consider both micron rating and material characteristics to ensure performance reliability.<\/p><\/li><\/ol><p data-start=\"3322\" data-end=\"3520\">These findings provide a quantitative reference for engineers and scientists in water treatment, pharmaceutical, and industrial filtration, aiding in optimal membrane selection and process design.<\/p><hr data-start=\"3522\" data-end=\"3525\" \/><h2 data-start=\"3527\" data-end=\"3556\"><strong data-start=\"3530\" data-end=\"3554\">6. Data Availability<\/strong><\/h2><p data-start=\"3557\" data-end=\"3671\">All experimental data supporting this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.<\/p><hr data-start=\"3673\" data-end=\"3676\" \/><h2 data-start=\"3678\" data-end=\"3697\"><strong data-start=\"3681\" data-end=\"3695\">7. Funding<\/strong><\/h2><p data-start=\"3698\" data-end=\"3743\">This research received no external funding.<\/p><hr data-start=\"3745\" data-end=\"3748\" \/><h2 data-start=\"3750\" data-end=\"3782\"><strong data-start=\"3753\" data-end=\"3780\">8. Conflict of Interest<\/strong><\/h2><p data-start=\"3783\" data-end=\"3829\">The authors declare no conflict of interest.<\/p><hr data-start=\"3831\" data-end=\"3834\" \/><h2 data-start=\"3836\" data-end=\"3858\"><strong data-start=\"3839\" data-end=\"3856\">9. References<\/strong><\/h2><ol data-start=\"3860\" data-end=\"4791\"><li data-start=\"3860\" data-end=\"4022\"><p data-start=\"3863\" data-end=\"4022\"><a href=\"https:\/\/books.google.com.sg\/books?hl=en&amp;lr=&amp;id=EyXgEAAAQBAJ&amp;oi=fnd&amp;pg=PA525&amp;dq=Baker,+R.W.+Membrane+Technology+and+Applications,+4th+Edition,+John+Wiley+%26+Sons,+2012.&amp;ots=i4ZseLIqOY&amp;sig=0bH-bbhplQYSlpcQwrZVYz5G4as#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Baker, R.W. <em data-start=\"3875\" data-end=\"3913\">Membrane Technology and Applications<\/em>, 4th Edition, John Wiley &amp; Sons, 2012.\u00a0<\/a><\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"4023\" data-end=\"4186\"><p data-start=\"4026\" data-end=\"4186\"><a href=\"https:\/\/books.google.com.sg\/books\/about\/Basic_Principles_of_Membrane_Technology.html?id=SP2_GYvL384C&amp;redir_esc=y\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Mulder, M. <em data-start=\"4037\" data-end=\"4078\">Basic Principles of Membrane Technology<\/em>, 2nd Edition, Springer, 2000.\u00a0<\/a><\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"4187\" data-end=\"4409\"><p data-start=\"4190\" data-end=\"4409\">Li, X., et al. \u201cParticle Retention of Polyethersulfone Membranes in Water Treatment.\u201d <em data-start=\"4276\" data-end=\"4305\">Journal of Membrane Science<\/em>, 2019, 587, 117189.\u00a0<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"4410\" data-end=\"4590\"><p data-start=\"4413\" data-end=\"4590\"><span class=\"creatibutor-name\">Lu, Danny (Editor)<\/span>. \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/zenodo.org\/records\/18323237\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Membrane Micron Rating and Particle Retention<\/a>.\u201d <em data-start=\"4477\" data-end=\"4491\">Desalination<\/em>, 2026,\u00a0 1\u20139.\u00a0<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"4591\" data-end=\"4791\"><p data-start=\"4594\" data-end=\"4791\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Fabrice-Vaillant\/publication\/283851802_Membrane_Technology_for_Production_of_Nutraceuticals\/links\/565f0d1308aefe619b27dc97\/Membrane-Technology-for-Production-of-Nutraceuticals.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">van Reis, R., Zydney, A. \u201cBioprocess Membrane Technology.\u201d <em data-start=\"4653\" data-end=\"4687\">Current Opinion in Biotechnology<\/em>, 2007, 18, 220\u2013226.<\/a>\u00a0<\/p><\/li><\/ol>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Home Correlation Between Membrane Micron Rating and Particle Retention Performance Authors:Danny Lu1 Affiliations:1Econe Filtration, Zhejiang, Province of China Abstract Download [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3339,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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